Smart Transformer - An Analysis of Recent Technologies for Monitoring Transformer

A crucial part of the electrical power system is played by the transformer. Continuous monitoring has become an integral aspect of its operation since it deals with high voltage and current, which may significantly damage the device's performance and physical state. The goal of this review article is to provide an overview of IoT (Internet of Things)-based electrical parameter monitoring and control technologies. The necessity for various monitoring systems that use various electrical, mechanical, optical, chemical, and acoustic sensors to monitor the critical properties of the power transformer is due to the significance of the continuous service of power transformers and their role in the reliability of the power delivery. For the power/energy management department, remote equipment monitoring and control, which is often carried out manually or with the help of a costly PLC and SCADA system, is a crucial problem. Real data from the environment or objects is gathered using a variety of sensors. People may establish a machine-to-machine link with the aid of the IoT idea. Temperature, oil level, and vibration are significant indications used to assess the condition of the transformer. The stability, precision, and efficiency of the transformer may all be improved while using less labour. With the advent of the internet and the computational age, it is extremely desired to have an intelligent monitoring and trustworthy controlling system over the complete sub-station equipment. This may be accomplished by using the Internet of Things (IoT) technology. The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of physical objects that are integrated with electronics, software, sensors, actuators, and network connection that have the capacity to recognize, collect, and share data. Each strategy is then briefly explained along with the appropriate reading recommendations. A quick guide is therefore provided for professionals looking into the sensors used for power transformer monitoring.