Routing Protocols of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Cities

The investigation on smart cities using WSN-wireless sensor networks seems to be able to benefit from the development of the Internet of Things (IoT) since both of the technologies’ goals were comparable. Simultaneously with them, research on managing mobile crowd sensing (MCS) and WSN innovations encounter fresh potential and difficulties, particularly when implemented in a sizable context like a smart city setting. However, fresh approaches are being put out to handle current WSN and resource utilization challenges. To integrate the two technologies of sensing WSN and MCS, this study suggests a hybrid routing protocol depending on the RPL protocol. The idea is to assist the fixed nodes of WSN to improve performance by appropriately using MCS nodes. A fixed WSN has been used to evaluate the suggested protocol to examine the effect of integration on WSN functionality. When compared to RPL without MCS integration, the proposed findings show a good improvement in packet distribution proportion of 17% higher, end-to-end latency of 50% lesser, and energy usage of 25% less. Hence this research believes that the hybrid-RPL protocol may be effective for sensing and data acquisition, particularly in urban and smart city situations.