Bi-Branch Vision Transformer Network for EEG Emotion Recognition

Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals have emerged as an important tool for emotion research due to their objective reflection of real emotional states. Deep learning-based EEG emotion classification algorithms have made encouraging progress, but existing models struggle with capturing long-range dependence and integrating temporal, frequency, and spatial domain features that limit their classification ability. To address these challenges, this study proposes a Bi-branch Vision Transformer- based EEG emotion recognition model, Bi-ViTNet, that integrates spatial-temporal and spatial-frequency feature representations. Specifically, Bi-ViTNet is composed of spatial-frequency feature extraction branch and spatial-temporal feature extraction branch that fuse spatial-frequency-temporal features in a unified framework. Each branch is composed of Linear Embedding and Transformer Encoder, which is used to extract spatial-frequency features and spatial-temporal features. Finally, fusion and classification are performed by the Fusion and Classification layer. Experiments on SEED and SEED-IV datasets demonstrate that Bi-ViTNet outperforms state-of-the-art baselines.