A Comprehensive Survey on the AI Based Fully Automated Online Proctoring Systems to detect Anomalous Behavior of the Examinee

In the last decade, the education system has been shifted from traditional classroom to online or blended mode. Conduction of examinations in online mode posed challenge to education system. Considering this challenge and ongoing research on automated online proctoring for the education system, this paper gives a comprehensive survey of published literature and proposes future directions. This review aims to encapsulate and analyze AI based algorithms for examinee detection, examinee recognition, examinee head pose estimation, eye-gaze estimate, examinee spoofing and gadget finding. Furthermore, an extensive appendix is presented.