Ant Lion Based Optimized Leach Protocol to Enhance the Security and Transmission of Wireless Sensor Network

In wireless sensor networks (WSN), network delay is a prime issue for real-time applications. Most of the applications of WSN require the data in the minimum possible delay. But in extreme weather conditions, or harsh geographical terrains network delay is a common phenomenon. Therefore, a delay-tolerant network is required. Due to the ability to store and transport information within a brief period, Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) is a crucial means of communication, segment development, energy management, and extending the life of the network. Signal loss and packet loss during transfer are two ways that affect DTN communication. It results in higher energy consumption by certain nodes for retransmitting the same data again. It also makes the identification of cluster heads difficult as packets as well as signals are lost during transmission. Many strategies have been developed to address these concerns. As a result, a novel Ant Lion-based Optimized LEACH Algorithm (ALOLA) is created to improve DTN communication performance and to identify the nodes with low as well as high energy consumption rates, at an early stage of the energy-aware phase. Furthermore, a temporary route is also formulated to prevent sudden signal breakdown and packet drops. To generate and test results, the created method is applied in MATLAB with 100 nodes where Cluster Head (CH) is identified based on the threshold value. The created approach is compared to various current systems in terms of throughput, energy use, delay, delivery rate, and overhead using a series of scores.