Lead-free (Na0.5Bi0.5)0.40Ba0.60TiO3 electroceramic: Preparation and characterization

Recent technology scholars are more motivated by lead-free electroceramics, and to improve the electrical properties of these materials. Among these lead-free electroceramics, sodium bismuth titanate (NBT) has attracted much more due to its high electrical properties and possible applications. Materials’ functional, and structural properties can be modified through elemental substitution or doping. In this regard, we have focused on modifying the electrical properties of NBT ceramics via a certain percentage of Ba substitution. In this work, Na0.5 Bi0.5)0.40 Ba0.60 TiO3 (NBBT) ceramics were prepared by a conventional solid-state reaction route. The structural and electrical properties of the ceramic were systematically investigated at three sintering temperatures. Grain sizes were found $\sim 0.338-0.437 \mu\mathrm{m}$. Orthorhombic symmetry was found with the Amm2 space group in the structure analysis. P-E loops were lossy and dielectric in nature at NBBT electroceramics. The dielectric constant was found $\sim 420$ at $100\mathrm{~Hz}$ and $\sim 320$ at 1kHz. The dielectric loss was found 0.50 at $100\mathrm{~Hz}$ and 0.40 at 1kHz. The loss tangents of NBBT show an increasing trend with frequency.