2-T Non-Toxic Tandem solar cell with Distinct HTL Materials

In photovoltaic (PV) technology, organic-inorganic lead-free Perovskites are crucial due to their high efficiency, lightweight, and affordability. In this study, it is modeled and simulated a unique tandem solar cell with dual perovskite absorbers (NaZn0.7 Cu0.3 Br3, MASnI3) as the active layer and obtained a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 30.87% using the SCAPS-1D simulation tool. In this instance, the sub-cells Current matching is accomplished by adjusting both of active materials thickness. Current research focuses on how varied hole transport layer (HTL) and absorber defect density affect photovoltaic performance. Firstly, all the cell parameters are tuned while maintaining a constant defect density, and a variety of Hole Transport Material (HTM) are examined, but Cu2O exhibits improved reproducibility and stability. Once the structure has been improved, the defect density is adjusted to look at how it affects the performance of the cell. Finally, it is optimized each defect density for our suggested Tandem solar cells specifications. The best simulation results show that a short-circuit current, Jsc= 34.98 mA/cm2, an open circuit voltage, Voc=1.0054 V, and a fill factor FF =87.78% yield a PCE of 30.87%.