Energy Efficient Modified WSN Routing Protocol with Impact of Range and Scaling Factor: M-EESAA

Data transfer across networks consumes maximum energy. The problem of improving wireless sensor network (WSN) with energy efficiency (EE) is a difficult problem. The WSN life span, which is limited by the sensing device's low battery power, can be lengthened by routing predicated on sleep awareness and wakefulness (SAA). The computation time, stability duration, as well as life of a traditional protocol must have been increased to improve EE. To address this, the article has proposed a modified M-EESAA routing protocol, which incorporates the energy scaling, absolute distance measurement, and range assessment for cluster head (CH) selection. Numerous simulations have been run to figure out the right range and energy factor for better energy balancing. The proposed method's performance is compared to three cutting-edge protocols. The parametric evaluation method is applied for identifying the optimum design parameters to improve the EE of protocol. The result is presented in terms of alive nodes stability periods, and number of packets sent to the base station. Overall, the proposed protocol version is capable of enhancing the energy use of WSN.