Statistical validations on energy efficient routing protocols to improve the performance of Wireless Sensor Network

In a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), there is a need for research in design a well-suited routing protocol used for remote applications, and it may resolve the issues related to energy, packet delay, throughput. However, the primary constraint of sensor networks has limited energy sources. An approach is required for enhancing the energy usage that leads to improving the network lifetime. An enhanced clustering protocol designed, and it has shown the energy -efficient in terms of reducing energy usage and extending the network lifetime. The proposed Adaptive Ranking based Energy Efficient Opportunistic Routing (AREOR) [8] protocol consists of two phases, one is an adaptive ranking mechanism to grade the Forwarder Nodes (FNs) and Cluster Head (CH), and the other one is the opportunistic forwarding scheme for optimal energy usage of each Sensor Node (SN). In the adaptive ranking technique, parameters highest residual energy and the minimum distance from the source node (N
s
) are considered the electing CH in every transmission. The proposed protocol improves the network lifetime and leads to improvement in Message Success Rate (MSR), End-to-End delay (E
²
delay), Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), and Energy Consumption (EC). It was observed that the AREOR protocol showed the better statistical validation (rejects the null hypothesis) compared to traditional routing protocols with the total number of samples 30 and the Confidence Interval (CI) is 0.85 considered for simulation.