A Modular Push–Pull–Flyback High-Voltage Pulse Generator for Electric Field Emulation During a Lightning Strike

To meet the requirements of simulating the electric field during a lightning strike, there is an urgent need for a voltage pulse generator that generates voltage pulses that are equivalent to the electric field during the lightning strike. A new pulse generator structure based on a push–pull dc–dc converter and a flyback converter is proposed. The pulses produced by the proposed generator have a variable voltage rise rate, and a modular design is used for the generator. Each module works independently and is powered by an exclusive lithium battery, which avoids the problems of the need for a high-voltage dc source, current sharing, and a complex control strategy in existing generators. The electrical behavior of the proposed generator during the switching transient is analyzed considering the effects of both the semiconductor switching device (insulated-gate bipolar transistor) and transformer. The method of selecting the specifications of each component and the method of designing the core component are presented in this study. The accuracy of the transient model and the feasibility of the proposed generator are verified in experiments, and a 60-stage prototype that produces pulses with amplitudes in excess of 1 MV, widths of 1–3 ms, and a variable voltage rise rate is developed.