Improved Routing Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks Based on LEACH

This paper proposes an improved routing algorithm based on Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH). Routing algorithm is divided into cluster establishment stage and stable transmission stage. In the cluster building stage, the remaining energy and distance parameters of sensor nodes are used to optimize the selection of the cluster head node and cluster construction. In the stable transmission stage, the cluster head selects data forwarding nodes based on node spacing, residual energy and relative angle. Through simulation, the proposed algorithm compares to LEACH, LEACH-C and DEEC algorithms. The results show that using the improved LEACH algorithm, the total residual energy of WSN is increased by about 30%, the amount of data transmission is increased by about 136%, and the network life cycle is prolonged by about 24.7%. Compared with similar algorithms, the proposed algorithm is more reasonable in the selection of the cluster head and the adjustment of cluster size.