A Survey on the Development of Low-Orbit Mega-Constellation and Its TT&C Methods

With the continuous development of aerospace technology, the number of spacecraft has shown an explosive growth trend. All aerospace powers are rushing to propose their giant constellation construction plans. Therefore, how to solve the measurement and control of the massive spacecraft in the giant constellation has become an urgent need to consider. Starting from the development status, trends, and characteristics of giant constellations, the article analyzes the main requirements and difficult problems of giant constellation measurement and control. On this basis, the main development directions of the giant constellation measurement and control are summarized from the aspects of multi-target measurement and control in the whole airspace, random access, satellite autonomous on-orbit navigation, etc. Finally, a reference for future research on corresponding measurement and control systems has been provided.