Detection of Leukemia from Histopathological Image using Deep Learning Techniques

Leukemia is a kind of cancer that is brought on by abnormalities in the body's white blood cells. An inspection of a blood smear that has been collected from the peripheral blood and then seen under a microscope is the method that is considered to be the gold standard for diagnosing leukemia. Techniques such as counting the cells in the blood and doing morphological analysis are two examples of methods that may be used to identify and diagnose leukemia. It is necessary to carefully examine a stained blood smear or an aspiration of bone marrow in order to correctly detect and diagnose leukemia. Both of these procedures involve the removal of bone marrow. This requires prior training and specialized expertise on the subject matter. A tedious and time-consuming operation, the manual evaluation of microscopic pictures of blood samples is one of the steps in the diagnostic procedure. The results are highly dependent on the degree of knowledge and experience that the laboratory worker has. Pathologists are often burdened with an excessive quantity of such data that has to be properly evaluated in order to arrive at a decision. This may be a time-consuming and difficult process. Red blood cells, white blood cells, and blood platelets are the three primary cell types that make up human blood. Platelets are also present in blood. Erythrocyte disease might refer to a collection of diseases that have an effect on hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is a protein found in red blood cells that is responsible for transporting oxygen to cells located throughout the body. This condition is referred to as sickle cell anemia. In sickle cell anemia, the blood contains abnormal hemoglobin molecules known as hemoglobin S. These molecules distort the structure of red blood cells, causing them to take on the form of a crescent or a reaping hook. There is a genetic form of anemia known as sickle cell anemia. This kind of anemia is caused by defective hemoglobin, which causes red blood cells to take on the appearance of sickles when oxygen levels are low. In most cases, the signs and symptoms of an erythrocyte disorder, also known as sickle cell disease, first appear in childhood. The detection of sickle cell anemia places an emphasis on analysis as a means of accurately diagnosing illness. Image processing with the CNN algorithm is what's being used to get this done. Techniques such as Plane Extraction, Arithmetic Operations, Linear Distinction Stretching, bar graph feat and world Thresholding, and Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix are employed for classification in order to perform segmentation on the images. This is done so that the images can be divided into their constituent parts.