Novel 5G patch antenna designs for FR1 and FR2 frequency bands with radio network planning

This paper presents two novel patch antennae operating in 5G sub 6GHz (FR1) and millimeter-wave (FR2) frequency bands. The FR1 patch antenna is designed to operate in sub 6GHz with VSWR < 2 from 2 to 4 GHz, peak gain of 1.8 dBi and 2.7 dBi for 2.4 and 2.7 GHz respectively. The FR2 patch antenna is designed to operate with a VSWR < 2 from 24 to 29 GHz and peak gain of 7.4 dBi at 25 GHz. A linear antenna array with $\mathbf{1}\times \mathbf{4}$ configuration is designed to operate for both FR1 and FR2 patch antennae. The antenna simulations are performed in Altair Feko. Altair WinProp is utilized for practical deployment to analyze detailed radio network planning. The antenna radiation patterns are imported from Feko to WinProp and deployed as a macro and micro base station antennae for FR1 and FR2 respectively. In WinProp, data rates, throughput, signal strength, and reference signal parameters representing signal quality are evaluated. From the simulation results, with different carriers assigned to the macro and micro base stations, a maximum achievable data rate and throughput of 1.07 Mbit/s, 26.78 Mbit/s and 1.146 Mbit/s, 28.65 Mbit/s for uplink and downlink frequencies respectively are achieved.