Fast Beam Discovery and Adaptive Transmission Under Frequency Selective Attenuations in Sub-Terahertz Bands

Sub-THz-based communication needsultra-large antenna arrays to generate pencil-like beams under the stringent requirements of line-of-sight (LoS) to overcome the effect of the rapid attenuation of signal strength, including atmospheric attenuation. In addition, the complexity of attaining narrower beamwidth, whichalsorequires fast and perfect alignment between the TX-RX pair, makes the sector sweeping-based beam discovery approach no longer suitable. To solve these challenging problems, in this paper we propose a leaky waveguide (LWG)-assisted, high-resolution codebook-based beam discovery, precoding, and combining schemetogether with an adaptive frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) for a network with relays and small base stations (SBS). The proposed method can help the transmitter quickly determine a suitable beam pattern for an LoS path requiring only limited feedback information. In the beam discovery phase, we use LWG to attain valuable information about the angle of departure (AoD) and angle of arrival (AoA). LWG has also been used to identify frequency selective attenuated regions, which can change from time to time depending on the local atmospheric moisture conditions. To mitigate the impact of such attenuations, we opt for an adaptive Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS). The simulation results indicate that our beam discovery and FHSS based method can achieve a much higher performance thanbaseline methods.