Research on communication network site planning and regional clustering algorithm

With the rapid development of 5G technology, it is an important research topic how to choose the communication network site considering the cost, business volume and other factors. This study is based on the data of Question D of MathorCup University Mathematical Modeling Challenge in 2022. Firstly, the data is cleaned, and the coordinates of base stations with a distance of 10~30 in Europe are selected. Then, the lowest cost and the largest business coverage ratio are taken as the planning objectives, and the simulated annealing method is used to solve the multi-objective planning and site selection. Finally, it is found that there are 7,168 macro base station and 1,566 micro base stations under construction, and the business volume accounts for 98.23% of the total business volume. Secondly, on the basis of the above research, considering that each station is actually covered by three sector areas, this paper obtains the optimal station address and sector angle by system clustering method, and its business volume accounts for 90.2% of the total business volume. Finally, in order to better solve the weak coverage problem, we use DBSCAN algorithm, set the clustering radius to 20, and import the weak coverage data into Python for clustering, and finally get the clustering number of 12. By calculating the DBI index of the first 300 weak coverage points, the point time complexity close to 50% is uncomplicated. This research has certain reference significance for solving the coverage problem of weak coverage area of existing network.