Internet of Vehicles Data-Oriented Arterial Travel Time Estimation Framework With Dynamic Multigraph Model

The rapid development of Internet of Vehicles (IoV) data powers various online intelligent transportation applications, such as network travel time reporting. However, the accuracy might be severely compromised due to limited probe vehicle sampling frequency. On that account, this article proposes a dynamic multigraph model-enabled framework to estimate reliable network travel time, even in low-IoV-frequency arterial corridors. The proposed framework first develops an improved sparse IoV travel time decomposition method. The segment travel time is further divided into the free-flow running time and static and dynamic delays. Second, a dynamic multigraph traffic network model (DMGTN) is developed to aid the proposed decomposition method. The model analyzes complicated spatiotemporal relevance between segments from multiple perspectives: the real-time travel time, congestion level, signal control (which is frequently neglected in previous research), and segment properties. Additionally, two distinct enhanced modules are designed for handing dense and sparse network graphs, respectively. This allows for a more efficient inspection over large-scale intricate arterial networks while maintaining precision. Field implementation is conducted in the downtown area of Zhangzhou, China. Compared to other high-performance baseline models, the designed DMGTN model as well as the proposed decomposition method demonstrate state-of-the-art accuracy and successfully capture travel time variability. The proposed framework better utilizes available IoV data to provide valuable traffic information for commuters and traffic management agencies.