A Comprehensive Literature Review for Optimal Planning of Distributed Energy Resources in Distribution Grids

With the increasing integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) such as distributed generators (DGs) and energy storage systems (ESSs) in the distribution grid, their optimal planning in terms of the type, size, and site is attracting significant research attention from both the industry and academia. This paper conducts a comprehensive literature review on the existing methods for DG and ESS planning and state-of-the-art optimization approaches. At first, the optimal DER planning framework and mathematical models are introduced. Subsequently, uncertainty modeling methods and optimization techniques are classified into different categories, reviewed, and compared in detail. Finally, conclusions and future works are discussed. This review can provide valuable insights into current research achievements and future research directions of the DER planning for worldwide researchers and engineers.