Characterization and modeling of the MIMO propagation channel: an overview

This paper deals with several aspects relative to the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) propagation channel. Different approaches used to model the MIMO channel are first presented. Then, the different measurement techniques used in order to characterize the propagation channel are described. Measurement campaigns made in urban environments have been analyzed to obtain the relevant statistical parameters of the channel. These results make it possible to discuss the integration of MIMO techniques in practical wireless communication systems.