A second-order section built from autozeroing floating-gate amplifiers

We introduce the autozeroing floating-gate (AFGA) second-order section. We built this second-order filter where the corner frequency and Q are electronically tunable based on a classic filter topology and principles of operational transconductance amplifiers. We built this second-order filter using three AFGAs-our floating-gate amplifier that sets its operating point by the interaction of hot-electron injection and electron tunneling.