On the Accuracy of Phasor Angle Measurements in Power Networks

As known, phasor measurement units (PMUs) greatly enhance smart grid monitoring capabilities with advantageous impacts on power network management. Generally, PMUs accuracy is expressed in terms of total vector error, which comprises the joint effect of both angle and magnitude errors, thus possibly concealing the algorithm ability to measure phase. Some recent research works emphasize the importance of measuring current or voltage phasor angle with high accuracy (in the order of a few milliradians) at the distribution level. Because this issue is seldom considered in the literature, in this paper the phase measurement accuracy of three algorithms, namely the basic DFT, the windowed Taylor-Fourier filter, and the interpolated dynamic DFT (IpD
²
FT) estimator, is extensively analyzed by means of simulations performed in various conditions described in the Standards IEEE C37.118.1:2011 and EN 50160:2010. In addition, some meaningful considerations about the uncertainty contributions due to imperfect synchronization are reported.