Green SoCs for a sustainable Internet-of-Things

The vision of the Internet-of-Things (IoT) calls for the deployment of trillions of wireless sensor nodes (WSNs) in our environment. A sustainable deployment of such a large number of electronic systems needs to be addressed with a Design-for-the-Environment approach. This requires minimizing 1) the embodied energy and carbon footprint of the WSN production, 2) the ecotoxicity of the WSN e-waste, and 3) the Internet traffic associated to the generated data. In this paper, we study how ultra-low-power yet high-performance systems-on-a-chip (SoCs) in nanometer CMOS technologies can contribute to these objectives by allowing compact batteryless WSNs with on-node data processing. We then review latest results achieved at the Université catholique de Louvain in the field of green SoC design for a massive yet sustainable deployment of the IoT.