Method for obtaining noise parameters using a vector network analyzer with an integrated noise receiver

Agilent Technologies PNA-X Option 029 provides capability for noise figure measurements in a 50 Ohm environment. This paper describes a method for extending the analyzer's capability to obtain measurements for noise parameter extraction. A source tuner is characterized at various tuner states. Each tuner state is de-embedded into the network analyzer dynamically. High sensitivity noise and in-situ gain measurements provide accurate noise figure to be captured at any reflection coefficient. Noise parameters may then be extracted from the subsequent measurements.