COSMO-skymed, TerraSAR-X, and RADARSAT-2 geolocation accuracy after compensation for earth-system effects

A Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) sensor with high geolocation accuracy greatly simplifies the task of combining multiple data takes within a common geodetic reference system or Geographic Information System (GIS), and is a critical enabler for many applications such as near-real-time disaster mapping. In this study, the geolocation accuracy was estimated using the same methodology for products from three SAR sensors: TerraSAR-X (two identical satellites), COSMO-SkyMed (four identical satellites) and RADARSAT-2. Known errors caused by atmospheric refraction, plate tectonics and the solid-Earth tide were modeled and compensated during the analysis. Of the products analyzed, TerraSAR-X provided the highest absolute and relative geolocation accuracy.