A general representation of electromagnetic fields radiated by circular patch antennas

In this paper, the field distribution in the upper half space is divided into two regions: the fields in the upper hemisphere with r <;a
_e
and the fields in the exterior region r > a
_e
, where a
_e
is a scale dependent on the geometry of the patch and the permittivity of the substrate. By employing dyadic Green's functions expanded in these two regions, an exact solution is obtained to both near and far fields of circular patch antennas.