How the pervasive IP applications change the transport network architecture

Several technologies have been studied for packet transport but none of them alone can address all packet transport requirements. So a technology mix should be employed to achieve packet transport. Most cost items in the NG-SDH and agnostic approaches are the traffic mapping process on the line cards. Agnostic switch to support high speed TDM has not been proven. Hybrid architecture is the most reliable for both TDM and packet transport. It has the best potential in protecting carriers' investment all IP transition and lowest cost.