Geographic grid routing for wireless sensor networks

High resolution data collection using low-cost wireless sensor networks has recently become feasible due to advances in electronics and wireless networking technologies. The geographic grid routing (GGR) protocol described in this paper aims to provide robust task dissemination and data collection from large sensor networks such that the useful lifetime of the network is prolonged. The work builds on a previously developed routing protocol called two-tier data dissemination (TTDD). Our work is differentiated by the use of multiple paths, a more efficient and useful data collection model, and more authentic environmental assumptions, including the presence of asymmetric links. Extensive and realistic experiments were used to evaluate the performance of GGR. The results show GGR to be a highly efficient, scalable, versatile and robust solution.