Beyond nanoscale DRAM and flash challenges and opportunities for research in emerging memory devices

As dynamic random access memory (DRAM) and flash nonvolatile memory (NVM) technologies are entering their 4/sup th/ decade of continuing growth and progress, difficulties in scaling these respective devices have surfaced both in processing and device miniaturization. This paper addresses these challenges and presents emerging device alternatives with their perspective challenges and opportunities for research and development in this field.