Fault Models of Inverter-Interfaced Distributed Generators Within a Low-Voltage Microgrid

The traditional overcurrent protection is not suitable for the microgrid. One of the main reasons is that the fault response of the inverter-interfaced distributed generator (IIDG) is very different from that of the rotational generator. This paper develops fault models of IIDGs within a low-voltage microgrid, including active/reactive power (PQ)-controlled IIDGs and voltage-controlled IIDGs. Considering that the control strategy of the PQ-controlled IIDG varies, this paper introduces adjustable parameters into the model to reflect its fault characteristics as comprehensive as possible. Voltage-controlled IIDG is of great significance on maintaining a stable microgrid. The model of voltage-controlled IIDG proposed in this paper keeps its voltage-source nature while accomplishing current limiting. The performance of the proposed IIDG fault models has been tested by Matlab simulations. The achievements of this paper are expected to have a positive impact on the development of microgrid fault analysis and protection.