Open/closed-loop transmit antenna array over spatially correlated channels

We consider some open-loop and closed-loop transmit antenna array (TAA) systems under a spatially correlated fading channel environment. It has been shown that the proposed open-loop TAA system can achieve more than 3 dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) performance improvement at the bit error rate (BER) of 10/sup -1/-10/sup -2/ with a TAA of 9 antenna elements. This performance has been obtained by utilizing statistical properties of spatially correlated channels. We also propose some approaches for closed-loop TAA systems with feedback of partial channel information. Generally, the performance of the closed-loop TAA system exceeds that of the open-loop TAA system. The closed-loop TAA system can exploit the trade-off between the performance and the amount of feedback.