Discussion of cross-axis isolation in vector atomic magnetometry via longitudinal field modulation

Atomic magnetometry based on longitudinal field modulation allows transverse x-and y-components measurement of a magnetic field simultaneously. In this paper, cross-axis isolation between these two-axis components is derived and investigated mathematically. An analytical model is established to optimize the cross-axis isolation during the transversal components measurement. By manipulating the amplitude and the frequency of the longitudinal field modulation, two transverse magnetic field components could be divided completely. The proposed technique plays significant role in optimization of vectoral atomic magnetometry.