Studying the Aerodynamic Characteristics of Electric Motors in COMSOL Multiphysics

Operation of electric drives in agroindustrial complex shows that it is necessary to know how the parameters of electric motor cooling system change with changes in rotor speed, air flow, with deterioration of external surface heat transfer conditions. Analysis of the literature shows that there are difficulties in determining the calculated coefficients of turbulence of cooling air flows. It is proposed to get a picture of air flow distribution in the Comsol software. This product allows to simulate air flow both outside and inside the machine. Available in Comsol interfaces are provided with the necessary functional relationships for the calculation of the flow in turbulent mode. A geometric model of a low-power electric motor of 0.37 kW has been implemented and the necessary mathematical models for calculations with accepted assumptions and limitations have been selected. After realization of physical processes in the model, images of air flows in separate places of the machine have been obtained. It has been established that the maximum air velocities are observed at its exit from the fan shroud - 14 m/s. The air flows have turbulent character and sharply decrease along the ventilation channels, and the average velocity at the outlet is about 3 m/s. Experimental studies of air velocities in the frame channels confirmed the simulation results. The obtained results can be used by plants when modernizing electric machines, as well as by operating services when operating conditions differ from the normative ones.