Design of ME-dipole antennas for 5G phased array applications at 28 GHz

Phased arrays are one of the most critical blocks in 5G networks. In the case of the point-to-multipoint link, they have to provide beam reconfigurability over a large scanning range while maintaining a low profile and a limited cost. Moreover, operation at millimeter wave frequencies poses several critical challenges especially in terms of integration and, in turn, analysis. This work provides an introduction to the different simulation challenges involved in the design of a phased array differentiating them into two categories: i) cross-domain effects due to the different integration and packaging technologies present in the array along its vertical dimension and ii) mutual coupling effects taking place across the array horizontal dimension. As a design example, an ultra-low profile Magneto Electric (ME) dipole antenna design for 5 G applications is reported.