Review on Virtual Synchronous Generator Model and Control for Improving Microgrid Stability

The integration of distributed generation based on renewable energy resources in microgrid systems are increasing in recent years. However, the intermittent characteristics of renewable energy result in some stability issues. One solution towards microgrid stability improvement is to provide virtual inertia by using virtual synchronous generator (VSG), which is adapting the conventional synchronous generator dynamic characteristics. Despite of the increasing VSG's development, there is no review study that observes various models and control algorithms of the technology. To fill this gap, this paper presents a review of different modeling and control algorithms that were presented along with a detailed description of parameters. This paper can be used as a guide for starting a new research on VSG model and control algorithm in microgrid applications. Finally, the main technical challenges, relevant key issues, suggested research needs, and a new perspective are discussed.