Short-time and Spectrum Features of Noises Made by Vehicles for Recognition

The recognition and classification of moving maneuvering targets play an important role in intelligent vehicle highway system. In this paper, based on short-time and spectrum technologies, some general used features of noises made by vehicles are analyzed. Short-time zero-crossing rate and short-time energy do not show obvious identifiable characteristics for recognition. While, spectrum features of noises made by different vehicles represent obvious characteristics. These features include amplitude frequency spectrum, power spectrum density, and short time amplitude frequency spectrum, Engine speed and vehicle weight can be estimated from the spectrum features. Besides, nonlinear idle engine noise features can also be used in vehicle recognition. With a good theory basis, the voice-print features, such as pitch and formant frequencies, are considered the best methods for recognition, but the two features do not really display the corresponding role. Feature extraction based on spectrum features can provide a powerful theoretical and experimental basis for the next pattern recognition.