Conductivity gradient optimization of superficial layer for GIL disc spacer based on finite element method and adaptive particle swarm

The objective of this paper is to propose the conductivity distribution of artificial layer and its optimization method which can alleviate the surface E-field distortion of disc spacers. By optimization using finite element (FE) method and adaptive particle swarm, gradient conductance with the maximum surface field intensity reduced by 52.2% was obtained, and its influence on the electro-thermal power distribution of insulator was discussed.