A Risk-Constrained Model for Virtual Power Plants Including DGs and Coupled Electricity-Heat Supply

To exploit the potential of flexibility from demands and distributed energy resources, this paper proposes an optimal bidding and operation strategy of virtual power plant (VPP) including a coupled electricity-heat supply system by introducing thermoelectric coupling equipment. The objective is to minimize VPP's operation cost and risk while balancing the heat and power demand. Based on renewable power forecast scenarios, a day-ahead stochastic optimization model is proposed. The risk of operation cost is also considered by employing conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) index. Effectiveness of the proposed model is demonstrated by simulation results.