How to achieve a complete decarbonization of the Italian energy system by 2050?

In 2019, the Italian government worked on the draft of the Italian long-term strategy that will be sent to the European Commission by 2020. This study presents a scenario of complete decarbonization for the year 2050 and its impacts on the power system. To completely decarbonize the electricity sector and reduce emissions an intensive use of CCS technologies will be necessary, that also enable "negative emissions" if you couple these technologies with bioenergy. The main challenge in 2050 is to use a large amount of the electricity excess (overgeneration) that comes from non-programmable RES, with flexible transformation plants (Power-to-X technologies), to produce synthesis gas, heat and other energy vectors. In conclusion, in the long term it will be necessary to think of a completely different sector of energy transformations that transforms a criticality, such as overgeneration, into an opportunity for the system.