Aggregator-Based Demand Response Mechanism for Electric Vehicles Participating in Peak Regulation in Valley Time of Receiving-End Power Grid

With the increase of power receiving proportion and insufficient peak regulation capacity of local units, receiving-end power grid is facing the difficulty of peak regulation in valley time. In order to solve this problem, while considering the potential of large scale charging load of electric vehicles (EVs), an aggregator-based demand response (DR) mechanism for EVs participating in peak regulation in valley time is proposed in this paper. In this aggregator-based DR mechanism, profits for power grid’s operation and participation willingness of EV owners are both taken into account. Based on characteristics of EV charging process and day-ahead unit generation scheduling, a rolling unit commitment model with DR is established to maximize the social welfare. In addition, to improve the efficiency of optimization problem solving process and communication between the independent system operator (ISO) and aggregators, clustering algorithm is utilized to extract typical EV charging patterns. Finally, the feasibility and benefits of the aggregator-based DR mechanism for saving costs and reducing peak-valley difference of receiving-end power grid are verified through case studies.