Comprehensive Study and Analysis of Frequency and Phasor Estimation Algorithms

In the present era, due to increased power requirements, size and complexity of power system are increasing continuously. Also because of the dynamic nature of the electric power system, the valuation of frequency and phasors has become more challenging. In order to have the fast, reliable and proper protection system, the first and foremost thing is the accurate measurement of phasors and frequency. New algorithms are being developed day by day. Now the challenge is to develop a precise and fast algorithm which is computationally less complex. Within the purview of phasors and frequency estimation techniques, varied algorithms have been proposed in past decades to offer accurate and real-time measurements of frequency and phasor. In this paper, four different algorithms for frequency estimation and phasor estimation are studied and compared. A comprehensive outline of the most common algorithms is presented. The performance of algorithms is evaluated and compared using simulated signals under the normal operating condition as well as in presence of decaying DC (DDC), severe harmonics and noise. For all the algorithms, phasor parameters (magnitude and phase angle), DDC parameters and frequency, are estimated. The obtained simulation results are provided to highlight each algorithm aptness and shortcomings to estimate the phasor and frequency measurements.