A Review on Virtual Power Plants Interactive Resource Characteristics and Scheduling Optimization

With a high penetration of distributed energy resources (DER) connected to the power grid, the reliability and safety of the power grid compromised by the uncertainty of energy output. Many utilities adopted strategies to abandon excessive wind and solar energy generation to ensure reliable operations of the power grid. The virtual power plant (VPP) is a way of aggregating various types of energy resources and optimizing resources utilization. It participates in the electricity market and improves the utilization of energy resources within the VPP. VPP provides services such as peak shaving, frequency regulation, and emergency power support for the power grid. It intends to prevent the negative impact caused by the uncertainty of power generation of the distributed energy resources. In this paper, three kinds of typical VPP interactive resource are introduced, which differ in characteristics, control modes, and output characteristics. In addition, the VPP achieves improved energy efficiency through rational optimized resource allocation and optimized scheduling, including internal and external scheduling optimization.