Analysis and Characterization of Samples of Agricultural Soils Dominated by SiO2 in Senegal

In this work, we report the Analysis of samples of agricultural soils dominated by SiO
₂
in Senegal. Silicon is a mineral element just like nitrogen, phosphorus or potassium. It is very present in the soil, but in the form of SiO
₂
, not available to the plant. Its soluble form is ortho-silicic acid Si(OH)
₄
very little present in the soil. The research carried out on the effect of this element for several years already, have shown us that Silicon optimizes the hydromineral nutrition of the plant while preserving the environment by the application of foliar drains. That it limits the losses of water by the plant, up to 30% of saving of the water. It increases the resistance of the latter to biotic and abiotic attacks such as Fusarium wilt, water deficit and salinity. The analyzes were carried out by X-ray diffraction, by X-ray fluorescence. On the soil, the results obtained show that these rocksamples are mixtures of Quartz, Anatase and Kaolinite in a very important proportion, and from Goethite. By chemical elementanalyzes, we have noted that the predominant constituents are: silica, aluminum oxide and ferric oxide. The ratios SiO
₂
/ Al
₂
O
₃
which vary between 2.52 and 27.39 give characteristic indices of the free Quartz. It should be noted that there is a strong presence of silicon due to the majority presence of Quartz.