Thermocouples, Thermopiles and Thermoelectric Generators on Rigid and Flexible Substrates

Thermoelectricity (TE) is defined as the science concentrating on technology of thermoelectric generation and refrigeration, and it is seen as one of the easiest and most promising technique for direct converting of heat into electricity. Thermocouples, thermopiles and thermoelectric generators are the basic modules used for thermoelectric energy harvesting. The purpose of this work is to carry out a comprehensive review of thermoelectric technology - both regarding classic generators fabricated on rigid substrates, as well as the developing technology of elastic thermoelectricity, and its possibilities and applications. In addition, the work presents current research about new promising thermoelectric materials - thin films of semiconductive germanium-antimony alloy and constantan thin film, both obtained by magnetron sputtering.