A perspective on NVRAM technology for future computing system

Memory hierarchy (Fig. 1) is one of the most essential component of any computing system. Non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM) technologies, such as PCRAM, STT-MRAM and ReRAM, have been massively produced in recent years and expected to bridge the bandwidth gap between DRAM (main memory) and NAND flash (storage). NVRAM also has been expected to provide the revolution of existing computing system in terms of density, performance and persistence management in the near future.