Retracted: Seismic Response Analysis of Water-Soil-Bridges System Considering Site Liquefaction

The influence of site liquefaction on seismic response of bridges is studied, and a three-dimensional saturated soil-bridge is simulated based on the platform of OpenSEES. The disciplines of seismic response of the two models have been discussed. It is found that liquefied and non-liquefied sites have obvious amplification effect on ground motion, and the seismic response of saturated liquefied sites is related to the frequency spectrum of input motion. Site liquefaction enlarges the absolute maximum value of seismic response at pier, and is more detrimental for shear force than bending moment. The liquefied site increases the lateral deformation of the pile foundation, and there have differences in the location of maximum internal force. Site liquefaction significantly increases the deck displacement, when compared with non-liquefied site. The increase of displacement may induce the possibility of pounding between decks or collapsing, which more attention should be paid to.