Inertia Emulation Using Battery Management System in a Low Inertia Grid with HVDC Links

Increasing penetration of nonsynchronous generators with electronic interfaced components in the power grid would reduce the systems inertia significantly. Low inertia power grid causes the system frequency to change too fast after the occurrence of a severe contingency or disturbance. To deal with such issue, inertia emulation technique is proposed using battery management system (BMS) for three area power systems under deregulated scenario. Here, the control areas of the system under investigation are interconnected using high voltage direct current (HVDC) and HVAC transmission links. The measurements of frequency signal used by BMS for inertia emulation are done using derivative control technique considering the effect of phase locked loop (PLL) dynamics. Four conventional GENCOs and four DISCOs are considered in our study with photovoltaic (PV) generator penetrated in first control area. It is found that the emulated inertia can significantly improve the dynamic responses of various parameters of the power system.