Cooperative Optimization of Electric Vehicles and Renewable Energy Sources in Regional Multi-Microgrid System

Due to the mobile energy storage character of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs), they can be integrated with renewable energy sources (RESs) to attenuate the negative effect caused by their separate connection and increase the utility of RESs. However, unreasonable configuration of PEV infrastructures and RESs as well as inappropriate scheduling of PEVs and RESs' operation would decrease the advantage of their integration. To improve the benefit of PEVs and RESs' integration, a two-loop cooperative optimization model for configuration and scheduling of PEVs and RESs considering mobile energy storage character of PEVs is proposed. The configuration and scheduling of PEVs and RESs are optimized simultaneously by an improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) algorithm in the model. The proposed model is validated by several case studies. Results show that by implementing the cooperative optimization, total cost of regional multi-microgrid system is significantly reduced.