Space-Range-Doppler Focus Processing: A Novel Solution for Moving Target Integration and Estimation Using FDA-MIMO Radar

Frequency diverse array (FDA) is an emerging array technique that employs a small frequency increment across its array elements to produce a range-angle-dependent beampattern, which provides promising applications for joint angle-range estimation of targets. However, the FDA has several problems for signal processing, such as angle and range coupling and Doppler integration, and few papers deal with FDA for moving target. In this paper, we combine the FDA and MIMO technique and propose the concept of space (angle)-range-Doppler (SRD) focus processing, which is a novel solution for moving target integration and estimation. It utilizes the property of FDA and high-resolution Doppler processing of MIMO. Based on the data model of FDA-MIMO radar, we provide a practical method for SRD processing via A&D joint estimation and sparse time-frequency distribution (STFD). Both theoretical and numerical simulation results verify that proposed method has better ability for joint range-angle-Doppler processing, which can be used for low-observable moving target detection and estimation under complex environment