High Performance R-Fe-B Die-Upset Magnets Based on Misch-Metal Alloys

Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets have been widely used in many fields because of their outstanding magnetic properties
^[1]
. However, Pr,Nd and Dy are now considered to be critical elements due to an increasing demand. Therefore, researchs on substitution of Pr-Nd by Ce or misch-metal alloys (MM) are attracting renewed attention because of their potential applications in permanent magnets
^{[2] [3]}
. The intrinsic magnetic properties of La
₂
Fe
₁₄
B and Ce
₂
Fe
₁₄
B are far inferior to those of Nd
₂
Fe
₁₄
B, so it is hard to acheive high performance R-Fe-B magnets based on misch-metal which contains a majority of La and Ce elements through conventional methods.