Music-Induced Brain Functional Connectivity Using EEG Sensors: A Study on Indian Music

Music is promoted in all traditions for the well-being of the listener. The 2-D emotion models and their effects on the brain were analyzed while listening to selected raga and at Rest. This paper visualized the functional connectivity of emotional responses to Indian Dharmavathi raga, thereby locating the similar regions across the electroencephalogram (EEG) sensor pairs. The international 10-20 sensor placement system was followed for recording EEG signals. The stimulus-based functional associations were noted, which help in investigating the neuronal synchronization. Asymmetrical alpha band energy was noticed in the frontal locations where the energy was low at F3 and F7 positions compared with F4 and F8 sensor positions. This indicates that it induces a positive emotion. The relative theta band energy at frontal locations was increased during Task (listening to Dharmavathi raga) as compared with Rest (silence) condition. The relative energy of beta band at frontal locations was significantly decreased after listening to raga. While listening to Dharmavathi raga, alpha band energy on the left frontal region was appeared to be low, and high energy was observed on the right frontal region. The raga played was evoked an increased bi-frontal theta response, which indicates that the raga is pleasant and induces mood change after listening.